Crimea

The Autonomous Republic of Crimea is located on the Crimean Peninsula in the southern part of Ukraine. It is washed by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov. Its capital is Simferopol. There are 15 State museums and preserves in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol.

The Crimean is one of the most popular resort centres in Eastern Europe. Those wishing to have a good rest are attracted to the Crimea not only by many sunny days, golden beaches, subtropical climate and wonderful health resorts, but also by many antique and medieval monuments, charming natural geographic, geological and landscape monuments.

The Crimea is one of the unique places of the world. This fantastic corner has 2600 species of wild plants and has no equal in Europe as to its rich flora. The labyrinths of caves on the Peninsula are mysterious and beautiful, Ak-Kaya (Big Cliff) is majestic and insurmountable, the Grand Crimean Canyon is impressive, and the Dale of Ghosts is unique as to its mysteries. History has preserved Khan’s palace of Bakhchisarai, the Livadia, Vorontsov and other unique architectural ensembles, which have blended in the natural landscape.

Yevpatoria

A city on the shore of the Kalamitska Bay. This is a city-resort in the western part of the Crimean Peninsula, a small but striking part of the medicinal land, where therapeutic are the sea, air, sand, brine and mud of the salty Moinakskiy Lake, and waters of the hot mineral springs. An antique city, Kirkinitida, was founded here in the 5th-4th century B.C. In the 15th century the Turks built a modern resort-fortress Gyozlev, which had one of the largest slave markets. It is interesting to see the 16th century Dzhuma-Dzhami Mosque, monastery of the Ancient Khiva, 19th century Karaim Kenas ensemble, etc. Today Yevpatoria is a famous children’s climatic and balneological resort.

Bakhchisaray

The State Historical and Cultural Preserve in Bakhchisaray includes the cave town Manhup-Kale (6th-15th century), defence and bridge-building ensemble of Medieval Crimea — Chufut-Kale (5th-19th centuries), Assumption Cave Monastery (13th-15th century), Khan’s Palace (16th-18 century) — a unique ensemble built by Italian, Iranian, Turkish, Ukrainian and Russian masters.

Sevastopol

It is one of the most famous cities of the Crimea. Today Sevastopol is a sea port, large industrial, scientific and cultural centre.

Chersonesus Tavriiskiy National Preserve

Greek colonists founded the city of Chersonesus, an important political and cultural centre of the Black Sea Coastal Area, in the 5th century B.C. In the 5th-6th century B.C. Chersonesus was the stronghold of the Byzantine Empire on the Black Sea coast, which was destroyed in the 12th century by the Mongol-Tatars. Archaeologists have been investigating this territory for 170 years. Among the many archaeological findings are truly unique items. The museum exhibits of the Preserve make up more than 200,000 expositions. Included in this Preserve are the Inkerman and Balaklava fortresses.

Museum of the Heroic Defence and Liberation of Sevastopol

The Museum houses the panorama “Defence of Sevastopol of 1854-1855” and the panorama “Storm of Sapun Hill on April 7, 1944.” It also included the Defence Tower of Malakhov Burial Mound and St. Volodymyr Church — the burial vault of outstanding Admirals Lazarev, Kornilov, Nakhimov and Istomin.

Yalta

Together with the adjacent townships of Gurzuf, Livadia, Gaspra, Koreiz, Simeiz, Miskhor, Foros and the towns of Alushta and Alupka, Yalta is the world famous resort of the Crimea.
The first written mention of Yalta (formerly Djalite) dates back to the 12th century. There are many monuments of nature, history and culture, as well as memorial places, connected with the names of outstanding men of science and the arts.

Alushta

There are many unique places in Alushta (formerly Aluston) and its outskirts. Monuments, left by people living, involuntarily make one imagine a drop of water, suddenly reflecting the world. This includes the Alushta “Stone Hedge” and nomad sacred places in the Small Academy of Science Cave, This includes Ai-Andriy and “Torzhishche” Partenite, preserving not only the glorious memory, but material witness of the Apostle Andrew, the first called, and St. John, Gothic bishop. This includes the Demerdje Mountain and its valley of (ghosts) shadows — the only place in the Crimea, where one can see the “Brocken Shadow.” Alushta is a natural reserve, preserved in which is a corner of virgin life in the very heart of the Crimean Mountains.

State Palace-Park Preserve in Alupka

Together with unique natural landscapes the preserve includes complexes of beautiful palaces built in 1828-1848 as the Crimean residence of Vorontsov, the Governor General of Novorosiysk Territory. The complex of ensemble numbers 150 halls and rooms with extravagant interior decoration. Also included in the Alupka Preserve is its branch, the Massandra Palace, built in 1892-1902 for Emperor Alexander II

Livadia State Palace Preserve

The Tsarist family, the Romanovs, became owners of the Livadia territory in the second half of the 19th century.The extravagant palace, built in 1910-1911 in the style of Early Italian Renaissance belonged to the House of the Romanovs. The park, included in the palace complex, was laid 150 years ago. In February 1945, the Livadia Palace was the venue of the historical Yalta (Crimean) Conference of the Heads of Government of the three allied states of the Anti-Hitlerite Coalition — the USSR, the USA and Great Britain. Popular among tourists are excursions to the picturesque Ai-Petri Mountain, Uchan-Su Waterfall, the Swallow Nest Palace, and the Fairy Tale Valley, a favourite spot for children, with its more than 200 sculptures depicting fairy tale stories. Also very popular are excursions to the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens, which has a collection of more than 30,000 species and varieties of plants, the 12th century Miskhor Landscape Park, and sea cruises on boats and yachts.

Kerch

Take a trip to the State Historical and Cultural Preserve in the city of Kerch while visiting the south-eastern coastal area. Located on the territory of the Preserve are the ruins of the antique town of Panticapaeum, the capital of the Bosporus Kingdom, the antique towns of Nympleum, Myrmekion, Tiritaka and Porpheneum, the Demeter Stone Crypt, Korchev, a unique 10th-12th century ancient Rus town, and the 8th-12th century Church of John the Forerunner. The exposition of the Preserve included the 4th century Tsarist Burial Mound, the burial vault of Bosporus State nobles. The Preserve complex also includes memorial places connected with the defence and liberation of the Kerch Peninsula during the years of the 1941-1945 Great Patriotic War, among which is the Ajimushkai Stone Quarries.

Feodosia

This city was founded in the 6th century B. C. Two centuries ago under the name of Kaffa it was the domain of the Genoeses, in the 16th-17th century, the main slave market. Feodosia is famous for its ruins of the 14th century Genoese Fortress, 16th Century Mufti-Dzami Mosque, and 15th century Armenian Cathedral. Situated in the city is the Aivazovsky Picture Gallery. The Gallery building and canvases were presented to the city by the great painter, who lived and was laid to rest here.

Stariy Krym

Situated in the city is the 14th century Khan Uzbek Mosque, the oldest in the Crimea, a complex of structures of the 14th-18th century Armenian Supr Khach Monastery, as well as the literary memorial museum of the Russian fiction writer A. Grin.

Sudak

The city, which was founded in the 3rd century, is mentioned in chronicles as the Sugdeya Fortress, a trade town on the Great Silk Route. Situated in the city is the State Historical and Architectural Preserve, based on the grand 14th-15th c.c. Genoeses Fortress.
One can talk and write without end about the Crimea. It, like a drop of water, reflects pages of history and culture, opens up an opportunity to come into contact with nature. Feodor Dostoyevsky once wrote that there are corners in the world that are so beautiful, that visiting them gave one a feeling of happiness and fullness of life. The Crimea is such a corner. Every person who has visited the Crimea takes back with him regret and a light sadness which are evoked by childhood memories in hope to visit this southern land once again.
 

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